E-commerce Kya Hai? aaj kal e-commerce ka zamana hai, jahan log kisi bhi cheez ko online khareed sakte hain jaise kay Foods, furniture, Cars,Mobiles,Laptops/PC Makeup, Dress,etc . Ye tareeqa companies ke liye bohat important hai takay woh apne consumers aur governments ke saath ta’alluqaat (Connection) ko behtar kar saken and apne competition mein aagay barh saken.
Meaning:
E-commerce = Electronic + Commerce
Where
“Electronic” electronic communication technologies ki use karna hai jaise kay internet, mobile devices, aur doosre computer networks.
“Commerce” products aur services ke exchange ke liye hota hai businesses, individuals, ya organizations ke darmiyan.
Dono ko mila kar “E-commerce” ka term banta hai, jo electronic networks par products aur services ki khareed o farokht ko represent karta hai.
E-commerce = Trading of goods and services over the internet + Internet banking + Online transactions + Ticket booking + Logistics + Marketing
What is E-commerce?
E-commerce e-business ka ek subset hai jismein goods aur services ki khareed o farokht internet ke zariye hoti hai. Ye internet banking, online transactions, ticket booking, aur doosri cheezen shaamil hai. Ye tareeqa companies ke liye bohat ahem hai kyunke woh iska use karke apne business ko conduct karte hain aur logistics aur marketing ke baare mein sochte hain.
The Need for E-commerce
Information and Communication Technologies ke rapid development ke saath saath global market B2B (Business to Business) e-commerce ki taraf jaa rahi hai. E-commerce sellers aur buyers dono ke liye transparency provide karta hai, jiski wajah se ye har business ke liye zaroori tareeqa ban gaya hai.
E-commerce: How it Works
E-commerce ne humare shopping ka tareeka badal diya hai aur hume pehle se bhi zyada Facility di hai. Par kya apne kabhi socha hai ki ye sab kaise work karta hai? Chaliye Detkhte hein ke E-commerece kis tarhan work krte hey basically eske Three Steps hote hein:
Accepting the Order:
E-commerce process ka Firts Step order accept karna hai. Jab koi customer aapke website par order karta hai toh aapko uski Message/Notification mil jata hai. Aur yaha se magic Process start hota hai.
Processing the Order:
Jab aap order receive kr lete hai, toh usko process karna hota hai. Issmein payment method ko verify karna, product ko shipment ke liye taiyaar karna aur use secure pack karna shaamil hai. Chahe COD ho ya online transaction, aapko yeh dhyaan dena hai ki payment verify ho aur product shipment ke liye taiyaar ho.
Shipping the Order:
E-commerce ka sabse Last & important hai order ko ship karna. Aapko dhyaan dena hai ki product bina kisi mushkil ke customer tak pahunch jaye. Issmein sahi shipping partner choose krna hay , shipment ko track karna aur yeh bhi dhyaan mein rakhna hai ki order time par customer tak deliver ho jaye.
The Fascinating History of E-commerce
E-commerce humaray rozmarra ki zindagi ka aik hissa ban gaya hai, jahan karoron log online kharidari ka shauq rakhtay hain. Lekin kia aap jantay hain ke e-commerce ki tareekh 1960s tak jati hai?
The Birth of E-commerce:
Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) system jo 1960s mein tayar hua tha, yeh pehla electronic system tha jo companies ko documents transfer karne ki ijazat deta tha. Yehi e-commerce ka aaghaaz tha jaisay hum aaj jantay hain.
The First E-commerce Transaction:
1994 tak pehla e-commerce transaction nahi hua tha. Aik CD ko online becha gaya tha ek retail website NetMarket ke through. Yeh aik nai duniya ki ibtida thi jo retail ko hamesha ke liye badal dene wali thi.
The Evolution of E-commerce:
Pehlay e-commerce transaction ke baad, industry mein bht si changings ayeen. Brick-and-mortar retailers ne naye technology ko apna liya tha takay competition mein qayam rah sakay. Alibaba, Amazon, eBay, aur Etsy jaisi companies ne aam tor par shohrat haasil ki aur aik virtual marketplace banaya jahan consumers ko goods aur services mil sakti hain.
The Rise of Mobile Shopping:
New technology ne online shopping ko aur bhi asan banaya hai. Smartphones aur dusray mobile devices ki afzaish ke sath, consumers ab businesses se jurr saktay hain aur sirf aik button dabakar purchases kar saktay hain. Free shipping ke taaruf ka paish khema bhi e-commerce industry ko mazeed accessible banaya hai.
Different Types of Ecommerce
Ecommerce hamari daily ki life ka ab zaruri part ban gaya hai, aur kayi different ecommerce business models hain jo alag-alag needs and requirements ko pura karne ke liye kaam karte hain. Yahan kuch aise sabse common types of ecommerce business models hain:
Business to Consumer (B2C):
B2C ecommerce businesses seedhay customers ko products ya services ko sell krte hain. Yeh sab se zyada common type ka ecommerce business hai aur iss main Amazon jaise businesses shaamil hain jo seedhay customers ko products bechtay hain. For example, agar aap ne online koi saman khareedna hai to aap seedha Amazon ya kisi aur B2C ecommerce platform se khareed saktay hain.
Business to Business (B2B):
B2B ecommerce businesses doosri companies ko products ya services ko sell krte hain. Yeh transactions bari quantities, specifications aur longer lead times ko involve kartay hain. For example, agar aap apni company ke liye koi machinery khareedna chahtay hain to aap kisi B2B ecommerce platform se khareed saktay hain.
Business to Government (B2G):
B2G ecommerce businesses governments ko goods ya services provide kartay hain. Inn businesses ko government requirements ko meet karna hota hai aur contracts hasil karne ke liye bids submit karnay hotay hain. For example, agar koi company government agency ke liye software services provide karti hai to woh iss category mein aati hai.
Consumer to Consumer (C2C):
C2C ecommerce platforms consumers ko ek dusre se connect karte hain aur unhein products khareednay ya bechnay ki permission detay hain bina kisi intermediate ke. For example, eBay aur Craigslist iss category ke platforms mein shaamil hain. Agar aap kisi ko apna purana mobile phone ya laptop bechna chahtay hain to aap iss tarah ke ecommerce platform se apni cheez bech saktay hain.
Consumer to Business (C2B):
C2B ecommerce platforms consumers ko businesses ko apni services offer karne ki permission detay hain. For example, Upwork jaise platforms freelancers ko businesses ko apni services offer karne ki permission detay hain. Agar koi company ko kisi specific task ko complete karna hai aur woh koi freelancer hire karna chahti hai to woh Upwork se apni requirement ko post kar sakti hai.
Consumer to Government (C2G):
C2G ecommerce transactions iss waqt hotay hain jab consumers governments ya government agencies se interact karte hain. For example, agar aap apni property taxes online pay karna chahtay hain ya federal tax returns ko IRS ki website par upload karna chahtay hain to yeh transactions C2G ecommerce category mein aati hain.
M-Commerce:
M-Commerce mobile commerce ko refer karta hai aur yeh ecommerce transactions hain jo mobile devices par hotay hain. Yeh electronic ticketing ko bhi include kartay hain jis ki madad se customers various events ke liye tickets purchase kar saktay hain aur electronic version of the ticket apnay mobile devices par receive kar saktay hain.
F-Commerce:
F-Commerce Facebook commerce ko refer karta hai aur yeh social commerce ka ek type hai jis mein transactions social media platforms jaise Facebook aur Instagram par hotay hain. Small businesses apni social.
Advantages of E-Commerce
Convenience:
E-commerce ki aik sab se bari ya aham khoobi ye hai ke ye apko 24 ghante, hafton ke 7 din aur sal ke 365 din kharidari ki saholat faraham karta hai. Is technology ki wajah se, mukhtalif asbab ke bawajood, customers ko ab apne gharo ya business ke makan se bahir nikal kar kharidari nahi karni parti.
Enhanced Selection:
E-commerce shops aam taur par physical shops se ziyada mozoat ki tafseel rakhne wale hote hain, & kai online-only sellers aisi products ke malik ho sakte hain jo kahin aur dost nahi hote.
Reduced Startup Costs:-
E-commerce ki wajah se, physical shop ya dukan na hone ki wajah se, e-commerce companies ko kiraya, imarat ki hifazat, insurance plus property taxes jaisi kharchon ka samna nahi karna parta hai. Isi liye, entrepreneurs ko kam paiso mein internet firm launch karna aasan ho jata hai.
Inventory Management:
Electronic tools ka istemaal inventory management ko automate karne ke liye kiya ja sakta hai, jis se businesses operational aur inventory costs mein arboon ki bachat kar sakte hain.
Targeted Marketing:
Customer data ke access ke sath, E-commerce businesses apni marketing efforts ko customize kar sakte hain aur zyada se zyada customers ki talash mein rahe sakte hain.
Global Market:
Online businesses geogaphy ke kisi bhi had se mehdood nahi hoty aur wo duniya bhar ke customers tak apne products ko pohancha sakte hain. Ye E-commerce companies ke liye aik boht bara market hai.
Niche Markets:
E-commerce retailers global market ko tap kar ke bina kisi ziada investment ke aik highly profitable niche business bana sakte hain.
Flexibility:
E-commerce business chalane ka matlab ye hai ke entrepreneurs ko 9 baje se 5 baje tak kisi office mein baithne ki zaroorat nahi hai aur na he rozana ki commute ke liye guzara karna parta hai. Aik laptop aur aik achhi internet connection se kisi bhi jagah se business ko manage karna mumkin hai.
Time-Saver:
E-commerce consumers ko ye ijazat deta hai ke wo kisi bhi waqt kisi bhi product ko khareed sakte hain, jis se ye waqt ki bachat ka aik behtareen zariya ban jata hai.
Low Cost:
E-commerce stores ya godam rakhne ke kharche ko avoid karta hai.
Wide Availability:
E-commerce brands aur customers ko mukhtalif ilaqon aur simaon ke logon tak pohanchne mein madad deta hai.
Personalized Recommendations:
E-commerce sites data ko track kar ke products ko show karte hain jo customers ki zaroorat ko pura karte hain.
Easy Customer Service:
Customer service just aik click se he available hai, phone ya chat ke zariye ya kisi representative se bat karni mumkin hai.
Disadvantages of E-Commerce
Insufficient customer service:
Physical dukaan ya kisi na kisi representitive ki kami ki wajah se koi aisi khidmat dastiab nahi hai jis mein customers product kay feature ko khud dekh saken ya kisi sawal ko hal kar sakain.
Absence of Gratification Right Away:
Customers ko ghar ya office tak product ki supply ka intezar karna parhta hai, jis se yeh aik kam turan process ban jata hai.
Being unable to touch products:
Online images naqad quality aur product kay touch ko batanay mein qabil nahi hoti, jis se product ki haqeeqat maloom karna mushkil ho jata hai.
Technology Dependence:
Agar kisi E-Commerce website ka crash ho jata hai ya phir temporarily band hona parhta hai, to business us waqt tak band ho jata hai jab tak wo storefront dobara online nahi hoti.
Higher Competition:
E-Commerce kay low barrier to entry ka matlab hai kay dusre competitors bari aasani se market mein enter ho sakte hain, jis se businesses ko mindful marketing strategies aur SEO optimization par kaam karna parhta hai takay wo digital presence maintain kar saken.
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FAQs People Also Ask
E-commerce ka matlab hai “Electronic Commerce” jo kay online platform per business karnay ka tareeqa hai. Esmein kisi bhi product or service ko online buy aur sell kya jata hai. Yeh business transaction electronic means ke zariye hoti hai, jaise internet, mobile phones ya computer systems. E-commerce ki help se customers apne ghar se hi online kisi bhi product ko purchase kar sakte hain aur seller apne product ko online sale kar sakta hai.
E-commerce ka matlab hai “Electronic Commerce”. Ye aik aisa system hai jisme log online internet ke zariye saman kharid sakte hain aur unhe ghar baithay delivery milti hai. Is system mein logon ko apne products online rakhenay ke liye online stores banane ki ijazat hoti hai. Ye online stores logon ke liye aasaani se accessible hote hain aur unhe apni zaroorat ke mutabiq saman khareedne ki liberty dete hain.
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